Egyptian Art Essay -- essays research papers

Egyptian Art was once considered to be unchanged, when viewing this art as a whole. Egyptian Art seems to be continual pattern of images and ideas. Yet all of these images are uniquely different. Ranging from 3000b.c to 50b.c. Taking the same principles through out the entire period. Which consists of Old, Middle and New Kingdoms. Each dynasty had a different addition to the basic concepts that were established in the beginning, ideas of the artist grew faster and better. Many cultures shared from the influence of Egyptian Art. Even if it was not copied, their artwork was both compared or contrasted with that of the Greeks, Romans, Summerians, Assyrians and Persians. All in one way or another form have come in contact with Egyptian Art.Art is different variations of expression, either self-expression or cultural. From painting, sculpture, architecture, to funeral preparations to pottery. Art is also a form of communication. Communicating ideas theories or even history. Expressin g ideas that cannot be done with words. To take something that is thought to be intangible and spirt and mold it into something that can be seen or touched. One culture takes another cultures work and either copies or changes it, to fit into their views and principles. Sometimes the artwork can be viewed differently between two cultures. Yet they can have the same purpose. For example Mycenaean tomb was compared to the tombs of the New and Middle Kingdom. The tombs w...

Importance of Fear in Shakespeares Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Importance of Fear in Macbeth           Fear motivates many to act upon matters, be they in effect(p) or wrong. In the play Macbeth it was veneration that was the main motivating factor that influenced the outcome of the play. Macbeth was fearful of being caught and having to pay for the wrongs he had done this led to the murders that followed after the murder of King Duncan.  Macbeths actions were also goaded by fear of the witches prophecies - he was afraid they would come true and tried to stop them from happening.  Lady Macbeth, was also plagued by fear as evidenced by the constant washing of her hands, sleepwalking and other similar behavior. This entire play was inspired by fear and what it and do to a person.             To begin, well address Macbeths subsequent murders, side by side(p) Duncans. For Macbeth, hes just killed the King of Scotland and blamed it on his son. It worked and he became King, however he remembered the witches prophecies. They claimed that Macbeth would be King, but it would be Banquos children that would follow after him. This made Macbeth very angry, he risked everything to become King and after him none of his family will follow.             As swell up Lady Macbeth is being comsumed by fear and guilt, she is slowing losing her sanity. This is a result of her not being able to handle what she has done to Duncan. As shown in this quote Fie, my lord, fie a soldier and afeard? What need we fear who knows it, when none can visit our power to account? Act V, S I, L 32-35 Here Lady Macbeth is trying to wash out what she sees as being blood on her hands. As well she mentions hell an obvious fear of going there for what she has done. At the start Lady Macbeth was the one pushing on Macbeth to kill Duncan. Lady Macbeth takes her life right before the battle against the english is about to begin. This taking of her own life demonstrates her fear and in the end what that fear can do to a person.               at one time we come to the witches prophecies, these are a main source of fear for Macbeth, after all where has he learned everything from. With each new vision,Macbeth falls deeper and deeper into an evil spiral.

Life or Death? - Original Writing :: Papers

Life or Death? - Original Writing That is the Question -------------------- What you say we mete out ourselves to a wild night out, honey? At this time its only 9 oclock. Yeah, I mean later on, say 10 oclock. Yeah sure, why not, at least that way I can show you what Im made of. Alright, yeah sure. You go and captivate ready knowing beautiful girls like you take years to get ready. Shhhhh. Hannah hurries off to get ready with her body full of energy and excitement, while her fianc Ed has a feeling of fear going through his nerves and tries to sit down and relieve this fear. Ed thought of something his closest friend used to command him when he was a young boy. What is your deepest fear Ed? Ed was very young and he never had a chance to reaction his questions as his inner(a) self was perplexed with different thoughts, but none of these thoughts could group together to give him an purpose of what his deepest fear really was and it was too l ate for him to gather an answer before his friend had passed away. Still today Ed still has nerve shocks where his conscience asks him what his deepest fear was and what is it today. Why cant I figure the answer out? he asks himself. What is my deepest fear? Wait, I think I got it? Ed, are you speaking to yourself. Hannah bellows from the bathroom. No, honey Im just singing that poesy me and you adore. He replied embarrassedly. Im ready, Ed, what do you think? Honestly, do really extremity my opinion. Yessss, hurry. You look stunning sweetheart. Really, thanks. Wait, Ive been waiting to say this to you Hannah, I want to say, that I love you. Awwww, I love you too, mutters Hannah Hannah never really used believe Ed, but she didnt want Ed to feel that his heart didnt mean anything to Hannah.

The Power of Myth :: American Myth Myths Essays

The Power of storyIn the texts that we have recently rent, we have seen the importance of myth in bountiful meaning and understanding to life. In the Beginnings of the Western Mind we read close to the importance of myth in the consciousness of the oral societies of pre-classical Greece in Where the Bluebird Sings to the Lemonade Springs we read about the myth of the West in the U.S. and its influence on the mentation of many Ameri drive outs In Things Fall Apart we see the power if myth and the consequences of the pass down of those myths and stories upon which a culture is structured on. I wish to dispute the importance of telling myths and stories in influencing the quality of our culture. Often, Americans look back on aged(a) cultures and try to understand them in terms of their myths and stories but, I fear, we do not question our own myths and stories.Perhaps the problem is not that we dont question our myths, but that we atomic number 18 not aware that we have myths a nd stories. If we dont recognize that as part of world nature that we are going to have myths and stories to explain who we are, we can not in full understand who we are. Traditionally, myths have been our stories about gods. Gods have been, throughout our history, the personifications of the transformative power (Malloy 1998, speak Notes). Our archetypes are part of our myths and stories--they tell us who we are and give us meaning. Myths can be thought of as messages in symbols (archetypes), they give meaning, explain why? and allow us to change and to understand change. Today however, we live in a demythologized world. Our myths and stories are us. Myths and stories tell us who we are, why we are and how we should be. exclusively we must wonder, what happens when we stop telling good myths and stories?Carl Jung, the famous psychologist and pioneering anthropologist, after studying the archetypes, myths, and stories of the aborigine American peoples, went back to Europe where he began to notice that Europe no longer had archetypes, myths, or stories to give the necessary meaning to life. Thus, while early 20th century Europe may have been technologically more move on than the tribes of the Amazon or Kalhari, it lacked any of the stories that give us meaning and in a sense (in the context of the history of humanity), we are in a different way, less culturally developed.The Power of Myth American Myth Myths EssaysThe Power of MythIn the texts that we have recently read, we have seen the importance of myth in giving meaning and understanding to life. In the Beginnings of the Western Mind we read about the importance of myth in the consciousness of the oral societies of pre-classical Greece in Where the Bluebird Sings to the Lemonade Springs we read about the myth of the West in the U.S. and its influence on the thought of many Americans In Things Fall Apart we see the power if myth and the consequences of the break down of those myths and stories upo n which a culture is structured on. I wish to discuss the importance of telling myths and stories in influencing the quality of our culture. Often, Americans look back on older cultures and try to understand them in terms of their myths and stories but, I fear, we do not question our own myths and stories.Perhaps the problem is not that we dont question our myths, but that we are not aware that we have myths and stories. If we dont recognize that as part of human nature that we are going to have myths and stories to explain who we are, we can not fully understand who we are. Traditionally, myths have been our stories about gods. Gods have been, throughout our history, the personifications of the transformative power (Malloy 1998, Lecture Notes). Our archetypes are part of our myths and stories--they tell us who we are and give us meaning. Myths can be thought of as messages in symbols (archetypes), they give meaning, explain why? and allow us to change and to understand change. Toda y however, we live in a demythologized world. Our myths and stories are us. Myths and stories tell us who we are, why we are and how we should be. But we must wonder, what happens when we stop telling good myths and stories?Carl Jung, the famous psychologist and pioneering anthropologist, after studying the archetypes, myths, and stories of the native American peoples, went back to Europe where he began to notice that Europe no longer had archetypes, myths, or stories to give the necessary meaning to life. Thus, while early twentieth century Europe may have been technologically more advanced than the tribes of the Amazon or Kalhari, it lacked any of the stories that give us meaning and in a sense (in the context of the history of humanity), we are in a disparate way, less culturally developed.

Keeping God in the American Culture as Depicted in the Audio Adrenaline

Keeping perfection in the American Culture as depicted in the Audio Adrenaline Song, Cant Take God AwayMusic has always been a big part of our culture. People sing and get a line to songs for pastime and for encouragement. Explore folk songs or Negro spirituals for instance. Many slaves sang spirituals for encouragement and hope to carry them through the rough times they experienced. Even today, most sight enjoy listening to music because they can relate to the things nigh which the artists sing. Often artists sing about things that either upset or please them. These days, much of American music exposes problems in our society. In a song entitled, Cant Take God Away, the Christian rock group Audio Adrenaline sings about how God is being taken out of various aspects of the American culture more and more, but nothing can take Him out of the singers life. This song is an accurate assessment of the nation today. The song deals first with education when it explains, You can take God out of my school/You can make me listen to you/You can take God out of the pledge in lines 1-3. It used to be that there was daily prayer in our nations schools. At one time, students learned about God there. In recent years, though, God has been taken out of school as much as possible. Some pack have even gone as far as taking the under God clause out of the Pledge of Allegiance. I agree with this piece of land of the song. Every day, I attend a school where Im taught that my beliefs argon just as good as yours - if you think somethings right, you are justified in doing it, even if I believe its wrong. I am forced to listen to the concepts of evolution that say we came from essentially nothing. Rather than learnedness about God, we learn about how... ...o tell you something you need to understandCHORUSYou cant take God out from meYou can take my life, my land, my libertyLock me up, Ill compose be freeCause you cant take God from meYou can take God out of the lawYou can make me listen to yallYou can take God out of the startBut you cant take God out of my heartListen to me closely, lend me your earThe substance of my statement lets you know Im sincere presidential term officials, shapers of the landIve got to tell you something you need to understandREPEAT CHORUSBRIDGEYou cant take God, you cant take God awayYou cant take God, you cant take God awayYou cant take God, you cant take God awayYou cant take God, you cant take God awayREPEAT CHORUSCopyright 1993 Gotee Music/BMI/Up In The sashay Music (A Division of The ForeFront Communications Group, Inc.)/BMI

Keeping God in the American Culture as Depicted in the Audio Adrenaline

Keeping perfection in the Ameri butt joint Culture as Depicted in the Audio Adrenaline Song, Cant Take God Away euphony has always been a big part of our culture. People sing and listen to meters for entertainment and for encouragement. search folk songs or Negro spirituals for instance. Many slaves sang spirituals for encouragement and hope to carry them through the rough times they experienced. Even today, most people enthral listening to medication because they can relate to the things more or less which the artists sing. Often artists sing ab prohibited things that either upset or please them. These days, much of American music exposes problems in our society. In a song entitled, Cant Take God Away, the Christian rock group Audio Adrenaline sings about how God is being adjournn out of various aspects of the American culture more and more, but nothing can take Him out of the singers life. This song is an accurate assessment of the nation today. The song deals first with edu cation when it explains, You can take God out of my school/You can make me listen to you/You can take God out of the pledge in lines 1-3. It used to be that there was daily prayer in our nations schools. At angiotensin converting enzyme time, students learned about God there. In recent years, though, God has been taken out of school as much as possible. Some people stand even gone as far as taking the under God clause out of the Pledge of Allegiance. I agree with this portion of the song. any day, I attend a school where Im taught that my beliefs are just as good as yours - if you think somethings right, you are justify in doing it, even if I believe its wrong. I am forced to listen to the concepts of evolution that say we came from essentially nothing. Rather than learning about God, we learn about how... ...o tell you something you need to understandCHORUSYou cant take God away from meYou can take my life, my undercoat, my libertyLock me up, Ill still be freeCause you cant ta ke God from meYou can take God out of the lawYou can make me listen to yallYou can take God out of the startBut you cant take God out of my heartListen to me closely, lend me your earThe substance of my statement lets you know Im sincereGovernment officials, shapers of the landIve got to tell you something you need to understandREPEAT CHORUSBRIDGEYou cant take God, you cant take God awayYou cant take God, you cant take God awayYou cant take God, you cant take God awayYou cant take God, you cant take God awayREPEAT CHORUSCopyright 1993 Gotee Music/BMI/Up In The Mix Music (A Division of The ForeFront Communications Group, Inc.)/BMI

Police and Exclusionary Rule Applies

Exclusionary Rule Exclusionary Rule According to Legal Information Institute (n. d. ), The Exclusionary Rule prevents the government from exploitation most evidence gathered in colza of the United States Constitution (Exclusionary Rule). This rule applies to evidence gained from an unreasonable wait or seizure in violation of the Fourth Amendment, Fifth Amendment, and the Sixth Amendment.If evidence that falls within the scope of the exclusionary rule led constabulary enforcement to other evidence, which they would non otherwise have located, past the exclusionary rule applies to the related evidence embed subsequent to the excluded evidence as well. Such subsequent evidence has taken on the name of fruit of the toxicant tree. The Exclusionary Rule is a court-created remedy and deterrent, not an independent constitutional right. Courts pull up stakes not apply the rule to exclude illegally gathered evidence where the be of exclusion outweigh its deterrent or remedial benef its.Thus, the rule is not triggered when courthouse errors lead police officers to mistakenly believe that they have a valid search warrant, because excluding the evidence would not deter police officers from violating the law in the future Exceptions to the Rule at that place are expulsions to the Exclusionary Rule and they are listed as, another source is found that is untainted and had a role in finding the evidence. The next is evidence would have been located any federal agency, regardless of error or bad evidence. The next exception is that evidence may be used for witness removal on cross examination.While exception is that a witnesss identification of the defendant is not excluded if the witness could identify the defendant before arrested. Grand jury proceedings and evidence involved is excluded, and finally state agents that thought that they were complying with the Fourth Amendment. Costs and Benefits few say that the rational choice model of savage behavior predicts that if the Mapp ruling did affect the behavior of police altering either the probability of conviction or detection then citizens should respond by ncreasing their level of unlawful activity. Since the exclusionary rule increases the costs of police investigations, the police will respond by substituting forth from those activities that require a warrant towards those that do not (Rubin, 1998). This train of thought while in 1989 may have been progressive the thought process was way off. Police have risen to the challenge to get evidence without breaking rights of those involved and mightily handling those Amendment rights.Many things have been learned during these times like obtaining a search warrant is worth the domesticate put into it, if a warrant is filed correctly, listing the proper information, and holding the proper property then getting a conviction is a simple thing. Alternatives to the Exclusionary Rule Prosecution of police for trespassing, this can be done if the exclusionary rule did not exist. The prosecutors and the juries would be reluctant to do such. well-behaved tort action against officers, which can include all negligence cases as well as intentional wrongs which result in harm. Therefore tort law is one of the major areas of law.Administrative discipline by police internal affairs would be rampant if there was no rule to assist them with gathering evidence. There are many alternatives to the Exclusionary Rule but none are going to assist in the fell justice system, this rule helps to balance everything on some(prenominal) cheeks of this system. There would be chaos in the courts, bad evidence, civil disputes, and offenders that have their rights violated. Conclusion The Exclusionary Rule was created in the hope to protect citizens rights while allowing the criminal justice system to do its job effectively.This rule has taken into consideration what the citizen goes through as well as what the police must do to properly execute their jobs. Exceptions to the rule, allows for accidents to happen, evidence to be gathered and submitted if no malice is detected, this allows the criminal justice system to work and stay balanced. These exceptions were created in the knowledge that the people that work in the criminal justice system are human, while ensuring that the offender has rights and they are protected. In a world without the Exclusionary Rule, civil liberties of both sides on the criminal justice ence will be negatively affected. The citizens could have the police come in and ransack their homes and take evidence without anyones consent and the other side leaves the entire criminal justice system open for attack. Keeping the Exclusionary Rule in place will ensure that the criminal justice system will continue to work as it was solely intended too. References Legal Information Institute. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http//www. law. cornell. edu/wex/exclusionary_rule/ Rubin, P. H. (1998). EFFECTS OF CRIMINAL PRO CEDURE ON CRIME RATES. Retrieved from http//economics. emory. edu/home/assets/ /rubin_98_03_paper. pdf

Education for Sustainable Development Essay

INTRODUCTIONThis module provides examples of ways that learning outside the classroom can be used to facilitate Education for Sustainable Development. This includes minuscule visits into the school grounds and local community, as well as visits to farms, factories, offices, neighbourhood science centres and natural settings such as a forest, a beach or a national park. Providing students with high quality learning activities in relevant situations beyond the walls of the classroom is vital for helping students appreciate their first hand experiences from a variety of different perspectives.Experiences outside the classroom also enhances learning by providing students with opportunities to practice skills of enquiry, values analysis and clarification and problem solving in commonplace situations. However, taking students outside the classroom requires careful prep of the learning activities and attention to the health and safety risks that might be faced. This module provides guida nce on these aspects of planning for learning outside the classroom.OBJECTIVES* To part an awareness of the positive impact that experiences outside the classroom can have on Education for Sustainable Development* To develop an understanding of the planning, organisation and risk management required for teaching and learning outside the classroom and* To identify appropriate strategies for teaching and learning outside the classroom.ACTIVITIES1. eruditeness in the local area2. Approaches to learning outside the classroom3. Planning for learning outside the classroom4. Risk management5. ReflectionREFERENCES_____ (2000) Focus on Fieldwork Special Issue, Teaching Geography, 25(2). Department for Education and Employment (1998) Health and Safety of Pupils on Educational Visits, HMSO, London. Department for Education and Skills (2006) instruction Outside the Classroom Manifesto, Learning Outside the Classroom. Department for Education and Skills & Department for Culture,Media and Spor t (2006) Laying the foundations Using the built environment to teach. DeWitt, J. and Storksdieck, M. (2008) A short review of school field trips happen upon findings from the past and implications for the future, Visitor Studies, 11(2), pp. 181-197. Laws, K. (1989) Learning geography through fieldwork, in Fien, J., Gerber, R. and Wilson, P. (eds) The Geography Teachers give-up the ghost to the Classroom, 2nd edition, Macmillan, Melbourne. Rogers, A. (ed) (1995) Taking Action An Environmental Guide For You and Your Community, United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi. Smith, M. (2002) Exploring a changing world A guide to fieldwork for youth expeditions, Young Explorers Trust. CREDITSThis module was written for UNESCO by Bernard Cox, Margaret Calder, John Fien and Lisa Ryan using material written by Barry Law in Learning for a Sustainable Environment (UNESCO ACEID).

Book review: Drew Magary’s PostMortal Essay

The Postmortal starts with whispers that an anti-aging cure has been discovered. This is confusable to the human capacity raisement proposal speculated in chapter 3 of Dickensons bioethics. Also, we see similar proposal play let on in the chapters of More and Vita-Mores Transhumanist Reader, where technology is speculated to be used to stop aging process, enhance human intelligent, capability and agility. More even goes a step further to propose the Posthumanist overcoming the limitations that describe the less desirable aspects of human condition a a cognizeness devoid of disease, aging and death. However, the Postmortal cure does not prevent someone from getting sick, diseases or even dying from accident, rather it merely stops the dead body from ageing. That means a 27 year old that gets the treatment will have the alike(p) body and physical appearance and fitness until the day they die. The unify States government instantly prohibits it for three decades, providing them a n ample opportunity to research it and comprehend the effects better.At this time, pro-cure and pro-death protesters were fighting more and more aggressively for and against the cure respectively. mediocre like the religious right fought against the stem cell research in chapter 6 of Dickensons bioethics in 2001, the religious devotees fight against the anti-aging cure and the Vatican issues a odium against it. Underground treatments known as black market cure were being perpetuated. Eventually John Farrell, the narrator got the cure at one of these underground markets. inwardly two weeks or in that respect about, he convinced his friend to get the treatment and thereafter encountered a couple of tragic events associated with a mysterious adult female that influenced his emotions throughout the story. Finally, the cure was sub judiceized.The novel includes how things regarding love, marriage, and the law and government changes overtime. Marriage became endangered because the f undamental premise of marriage till death do us post has been considerably altered. Johns law firm devised a new form of marriage called cyclical marriage, a 40-year term marriage which involves an obligation to live together as husband and wife for 40 years, with an option toseparate (with evenly split assets) or to renew the marriage for another 40 years at the end of the contract. The cure nearly brought marriage to a halt and love undermined as most people believe there is a greater chance of separation for a new lover.Mr. Farrell prefers not getting married to his lover who is pregnant with his baby but only choses to take cargon of the child. As things change around the world, he continues to document his life experiences. A new form of worship is discovered whereby man is seen as the god of his own and normal of the earth. A lot of people become outlaws and selfish others become religious enthusiasts while some others chose to refrain from getting the cure.Throughout the course of the book, the government bit by bit loses control over her citizens. Different laws atomic number 18 passed to expand death penalty to include giving lee-way to people who wish to die in a legal way without the need of committing suicide but which is of course morally wrong. The other detailed problems consist of jails, how to provide housing to people and basic necessities, as come up as how to deal with countries that have become military powerhouses. Similar moral violation was seen in bioethics where executed Chinese prisoners kidneys are harvested for sale to wealthy westerners the Tuskegee and Guatemala experiments by the US Public Health in chapter 7 and the surrogate motherhood and egg selling in chapter 2. All these practices, in one way or the other violate morality at the very least.As the story continues to unfold in the book, Mr. Ferrell falls in love again which also results in another tragic incident. Over and over again he tries to find joy but has his h opes dashed, signifying the fact that the cure for ageing is not really a great thing in many ways. As the United States becomes unsafe, Russia and third-world nations assume control of surrounding nations and Chinese starts acquiring nuclear weapons to get rid of sealed populations. Pregnant woman are punished because people hate the idea of conception and child birth. A war over Antarctica begins and chaos sets in.Meanwhile in totalitarian societies like China and Russia, the government takes undue advantage of the looming prospect of an exploding and foreveryoung world population in the face of diminishing resources. Russia forms a strong and formidable army with eternally young soldiers China cuts herself off from the rest of the world, while the United States plummets into widespread class warfare while terrorism is on the high side as people kill at will. Its baffling how much of these are conceivable.At the end of the story, nuclear weapons are dropped on the coast of Califo rnia where Mr. Farrell tries to elude the attack with his lover. But unfortunately the man is stabbed as they try to make their way to a safer ground. The injury is so severe that he bleeds so immensely and regrettably the end is here for him. Meanwhile as he gradually makes an inroad to a new world, he releases that there is no such(prenominal) thing as immortality. However, his lover is expected to survive.Nicholas Agar in his book, Humanitys End, objected similar enhancement proposal. From my understanding of the chapters, many of his objections are based on the premise that, for any action whose outcome is uncertain and perhaps bad, we ought to presume that the worst could happen, and work to address all conceivable exigencies to begin with proceeding further. Thus, going by the fantasy (the story), we have seen how a cure that is rather an everlasting treasure in the hearts of many has turned out to be the greatest nightmare of all time to the society. Perhaps, if the world ha d applied due diligence (as noted in Agars book) before legalizing such cure, these problems could have been avoided.The book is an awesome read because it raises ones curiosity as you go further. You are eager to know what happens next and how things will unfold. It is a story that could very well happen. Most of the events in the book are also plausible reactions that the world could very well experience. The first two split of the book are intriguing as the world goes through a dramatic change with the recognition of the cure, and I admired the tension that arose between pro-death and pro-cure groups. Again, similar religious protest was seen in Chapter 3 of Dickensons bioethics where religious movements fought against stem cell research and funding to a halt. Although the ban on its funding was afterward rescinded by President Obama, but the issueis still contested in courts.However, one minor issue that I hope to point out is for a story that started out in 2019 and runs thro ugh 2079, technology did not advance that much. Apart from a few inventions like plug-in cars mentioned in the book and which even has same level of sophistication as todays plug-ins (charging duration of 48 hours), technological innovation seems to be frozen for several decades. One would expect that the probatory population explosion expressed in the book would be accompanied by a robust capacity building and technological development that is aimed at addressing the problems of a few extra billion population of people around the world, rather technology seems stagnant in this book.

Project Management Organizational Structures Paper Essay

IntroductionAt the start of every project, it is important to select the placement grammatical construction. There atomic number 18 collar organizational organises the functional, matrix, and pure(a) project structures. Each structure has its advantages and losss. All three argon different and when it comes to structuring a project the project carriages is in charge of decision making which organizational structure is best fit for the project. This paper will focus on functional structure, matrix structure and pure project structure.Functional honkIn a functional project structure, employees are departmentalized by task similarity, and projects are performed inside the departmental unit such as accounting, marketing and gentlemans gentleman resources departments are examples of units grouped together based on the functions they perform (Murray, 2014). Functional project structure is the most successful and oldest structure. In functional project structure components are div ide into two a project is assigning to a functional carriage who coordinates with others to assigning the project to different departments. Each department is in charge of complemental their portion of the work and reporting to the department managers.Advantage and DisadvantagesFunctional structure project has both advantages and disadvantages. One of the advantages is the flexibility and faculty contributions. Employees are switched back and forth between projects. The department will be able to provide professional and technical mortalnel and after completion of the work it nonify go back to his original work. The disadvantage is that this structure is not very effective when practiced on more complex projects. The individual accountability is not recognized. An other disadvantages the focus is not set on the client it is focused on activities rather than function, slow responses , lack of interest and motivation in definite areas, and difficulties in communicating.Difficu lties in coordination is an otherdisadvantage since project manager are only responsible for part of the project and others are responsible for other part of the project.Matrix redactThe matrix structure is a combination of both the functional and pure project organizational structures. The matrix structure was evolved from the flaws of the functional and pure project structures. In the matrix structure, functional managers and project managers have the equal powers. Since both functional and project manager are equal the staff broadly speaking works under two bosses. This structure works well when more than one project is being coordinated.Advantage and DisadvantageThe advantage of the matrix structure is the highly skilled and capable resources can be shared between the functional units and important strategic projects. An other advantage is that efficiency is higher. A disadvantage is that staff has to report to two bosses, which can add confusion, and conflicts may arise sinc e both bosses have equal authority and power. The disadvantages of the Matrix structure include balance out who is in charge of the project, failure of project due to lack of negotiating skills, and balancing time, cost, and performance.Pure projectThe pure project structure dedicates it resources and ego-contained staff to work full time on the project. Pure project structure is mostly used on complex projects since it strongly focuses on the work and completing the project. This structure reacts rapidly to the needs of clients contrary to those in the functional organizational structure. In this structure each project manager is appointed and is responsible to train all responsibility associated with the project. The project manager has full authority of the of the project.Advantage and DisadvantageThe pure project structure advantages are that it is clear of who has the projects authority, it access finicky expertise, the project is focused and prioritized, as well simplified communications. This structure allows the project to be separated from the rest of the parent system becoming a self contained unit with its own staff, administration, and tying to the parentfirm through periodic progress reports and oversight (Meredith, 2012). In this structure staffs only report to on person so decisions are made quicker. Pure project structure disadvantages are include duplication of effort, rivalries, uncertain reintegration of resources and unclear motivations and loyalties as well goals and policies can be ignored. This structure disadvantages also include the transfers in technology and the use of resources, inconsistencies, and the project taking on a life of its own.Best MethodNot both of the three organization structure is better than another. Each structure has its advantages and disadvantages as discussed above. When it come into choosing which organization structure to use decision depends on what the project manager is trying to accomplish. All three structures work differently depending on the project so the project manager has to decide which organizational structure best suits that project. In doing so the factors that contribute to the project manager decision are the available resources, finances, and the timeline that project needs to be completed. For the project to be successful the project manager must compare and contrast the three organization structures and decide which is most suitable.ConclusionOrganizational structures show the methods that can be used by an organization. The use of these structures determine the success and improvement of the productivity in an organization. Each structure is used to improve how organizations report and communicate with the other elements within the organization. Organizational structures are viewed as guidelines to set in place to assist task performance to all involved in the project. Functional organization, Pure Project organization, and Matrix organization are the three mos t popular project management structures that are still used today due to their success.REFERENCESKerzner, H. (200). Project management A systems barbel to planning, scheduling, andcontrolling (10th ed.). Hoboken, NJ Wiley.Meredith, J. R. (2012). Project Management A managerial approach (8th Ed.).Hoboken, NJ Wiley.What is a functional project management structure?. (2010-2012). Retrieved from http//www.projectmanagementquestions.com/2966/what-is-a-functional-projectmanagement-structureMurray, L. (2014). The Advantages of Functional Project Organizational Structure. Retrievedfrom http//smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-functional-project-organizational-structure-2739.htmlThree types of Project Management Organizations. (2010-2012). Retrieved fromhttp//www.mypmhome.com/three-types-of-project-management-organizations/

Controlling Police Through Litigation Essay

Police departments draft and implement policies and procedures to provide consistency and eliminate ambiguity in department practices. These are guidelines are for staff and officers to follow in a variety of different situations. Police policies and procedures may have the force of law, or be considered by a court or jury in determining whether an officer acted lawfully in the line of duty. Procedures related to employee actions can also be subject to legal scrutiny in more or less cases. A lack of policies on issues involving the community may result in unlawful and inconsistent jurisprudence action. These adverse actions can create a negative answer within the community, and open the police officers within the department to legal liability. Michael Lyman quoted Section 1983, Every person under color of any(prenominal) statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage of any state or territory, subjects, or causes to be subjected, any citizen of the United States or any other p erson within the jurisdiction thereof to the depravation of any rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the Constitution and laws, shall be liable to the party injured in an action at law, suit in equity, or other proper legal proceeding for redress. (pg. 270)Basically, this means that police officers are prohibited from violating any persons civil rights. Section 1983 is a tool for a citizen to use to sue some other for a violation of civil rights. Some elements must be met in order to be subject to liability through Section 1983. First, he in question(predicate) liability or violator of Section 1983 must be a person. A police department, state agency, or other legal entity, cannot be subject to liability under the statute. Second, the liable person must have been acting under the color of authority when the accused violation took place. A police officer who unlawfully beats a suspect in the commission of an arrest would be acting under the color of law. Finally, the accuse r does not have to go up that the person intended to deprive him/her of their Constitutional rights, but only that there was a deprivation.For example, a subject who was beaten by a police officer can sue that officer for excessive force, without proving it was the officers intention to violate his rights, but only that the officer intended to beat him. In some cases an officers supervisor can be held liable because he/she is responsible for the negligence of that officer. This is known as vicarious liability, or imputed negligence (freedictionary.com). For example, a gang member who shoots and kills another person during a hold-up is responsible for the murder, but other gang members may be held vicariously liable for the same murder. thither are several different types of defense for civil suits, and also persons who are immune to the liability in question. There are three types of immunity, they are lordly immunity, quasi-judicial immunity, and qualified immunity.Michael Lyman lists judges, prosecutors, and legislators, as those who enjoy absolute immunity during civil liability suits (Lyman pg. 272). Lyman also reminds us that police officers and witnesses can obtain absolute immunity while testifying during a criminal trial, but if found providing false testimony, may be charged with perjury. Persons within a department, performing his/her duties as assigned, during the alleged time of a Section 1983 violation, and not involved in the violation, obtain quasi-judicial immunity.Quasi-judicial immunity is provided to prosecutors who are actively involved in the trial of a person. Qualified immunity is provided to national law enforcement officials who are accused of violating laws that have not been clearly established. If a question of liability arises, but a federal law enforcement official is later found to be acting in an objectively reasonable manner he/she obtains qualified immunity (Lyman pg 273).ReferencesVicarious Liability. (n.d.) Wests Encycl opedia of American Law, edition 2. (2008). Retrieved September 30 2012 from http//legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Vicarious+liability Lyman, Michael D (2010). The Police An Introduction. New Jersey Prentice Hall.

Coke vs PepsiPepsi and Coke’s Uncivil Wars Essay

Chapter 9 in Competition Demystified Uncivil Cola Wars Coke and Pepsi dwell the Prisoners Dilemma What argon the sources of competitive advantages in the soda industry? First we should look at industry structure. The cola companies buy afflictive materials of sugar, sweeteners and flavorings from many suppliers so they turn the commodities into a branded product which consists of syrup/ distild combined with water and bottles. The companies are joined at the hip with their bottlers/distri unlessors who then sell to many retail outlets.Selling bulky and heavy beverages lends itself to regional economies of scale advantages. The soda companies cannot operate successfully unless their bottlers and distributors are profitable and content whether company-owned or franchised. The existence of barriers to entry indicates that the incumbents enjoy competitive advantages that potential entrants cannot match. In the soft drink world, the sources of these advantages are easy to identify. Fir st, on the demand side, there is the kind of client loyalty that network executives, beer brewers and car manufacturers only dream about.People who drink sodas drink them frequently (habit formation), and they relish a constancy of experience that keeps them ordering the resembling brand, no matter the circumstances. some(prenominal) Coke and Pepsi exhibit the presence of barriers to entry and competitive advantagestable *ROE can be influenced by whether bottlers assets are off or on the balance sheet Second, there are large economies of scale in the soda business both at the concentrate maker and bottler levels. Developing new products and advertising existing ones are fixed costs, unrelated to the number of cases sold.Equally important, the distribution of soda to the consumer benefits from regional scale economies. The to a greater extent customers there are in a given region, the more economical the distribution. A bottler of Coke, selling the product to 40% to 50% of the soda drinkers in the marketplace area, is going to have lower costs than someone peddling Dr. Pepper to 5% to 56% of the drinkers. During the statesmen era of Pepsi and Coke, what actions did each of the companies take? Why did they help put up profitability? Note the stability of market share and ROE.ROE dipped in 1980 and 1982 as Pepsi and Coke waged a price war. Yet, market shares did not transpose as a proceeds of the price warboth companies were worse off. Pepsi gained market share in the late 1970s versus Coke. Coke was slow and ill-chosen to respond. Price wars between two elephants in an industry with barriers to entry tend to flatten a lot of grass and make customers happy. They hardly ever result in a dead elephant. Still, there are better and worse ways of initiating a price contest. Coke chose the worst.Coke chose to lower concentrate prices on those regions where its share of the cola market was high (80%) and Pepsis low (20 percent). This tactic ensured that for every dollar of revenue Pepsi gave up, Coke would surrender four dollars. Coke luckily developed New Coke which allowed it to attack Pepsi in its dominant markets in a precise wayminimizing damage to Cokes profitsand root for a truce in the price wars. They made visible moves to signal the other side that they intended to cooperate. Coca-Cola initiated the new era with a major bodily reorganization.After buying up many of the bottlers and reorganizing the bottler network, it spun off 51% of the company owned bottlers to shareholders in a new entity, Coca-Cola Enterprises, and it loaded up on debt for this corporation. With so much debt to service, Coca-Cola Enterprises had to concentrate on the tangible requirements of cash flow rather than the chimera of gaining great hunks of market share from Pepsi. PepsiCo responded by dropping the Pepsi Challenge, toning down its fast-growing(a) advertising and thus signaling that it accepted the truce.Profit margins improved. Operating profit mar gins went from 10% to 20% for Coca-Cola. Pepsi gain was less dramatic but also substantial. Both companies focused on ROE rather than market share and sales growth. The urge to grow, to hammer competitors and drive them out of business, or at least trend their market share by a meaningful amount, had been a continual source of poor performance for companies that do have competitive advantages and a franchise, but are not content with it.

Karen Olsson’s Up Against Wal-Mart Essay

In Up Against Wal-Mart by Karen Olsson, she finds the truth almost how Wal-Mart treats its customers and more(prenominal) importantly how the million dollar company treats its employees. In this essay, Olsson strongly believes that Wal-Mart keeps its stores understaffed and their employees overworked and underpaid, with minimal options for reason fitted benefits.Olsson begins with an individual employee, Jennifer McLaughlin, who is a mother of one child, and is currently employed with Wal-Mart in Paris, Texas. She is a very hard worker and puts in a lot of effort every day. But she is not able to afford life, with the amount that the company pays her. Health insurance is too much to afford on her wage, so she has to rely on government assistance to give her child the things he needs. She is forced to work over time, is underpaid and in addition treated unfairly. According to Olsson, On a given shift McLaughlin might man a register, hop on a mechanical lift to retrieve something fr om a high shelf, adopt fish from a tank, run over to another department to help locate an item, restock the shelves, dust off the bike racks, or field questions about potting soil and lawn mowers (607). In other words, Olsson points out that Wal-Mart does not hire enough workers and also overwork its employees.The other issue is the company Wal-Mart is not man and wifeized. The workers at Wal-Mart bring started to try to create a union. But a union at Wal-Mart was never formed due to the companys anti-union group that created by Wal-Mart, which employees who voted for the union were fired. Olsson states that Wal-Mart has responded to the union drive by trying to stop workers from organizingsometimes in violation of federal labor law (609). Here she proves that Wal-Mart is against the union and will do what it can to stop one from forming. This essay shows that Wal-Marts rapid growth rate and lack of change in fair treatment for its employees is only creating more insubstantial jo bs for poor people.The topic of Olssons opinions about that Wal-Mart treats its employees badly can be approached from several different angles due to its complexity. Some people seem to imply that Wal-Mart is bad for the poor people while others tend to consider that Wal-Mart actually helps the poor people. Upon a close examination of both sides of this issue, I have also developed my own point of view. Personally, I disagree with Olssons view that Wal-Mart is bad for poor people because she lacks for hearing opinions from both sides.One reason I cannot support the Olssons view is Wal-Marts every day low price. Wal-Marts low cost of goods saves its consumers billions per year. It not only presents job opportunities for poor families, nevertheless offers them discounts on food and necessities. Even though Wal-Mart employees are paid low wages, the low cost of food and other basics makes up for the low wages. For me, Wal-Mart in fact helps the lower income families in the world bec ause their prices are more affordable. Wal-Marts prices are helping them purchase more food and basic necessities for their families than they would be able to purchase at other retail stores.Works CitedOlsson, Karen. Up Against Wal-Mart. They Say/I Say, with Readings. 2nd ed. Gerald Graff, Cathy Birkenstein, and Russel Durst. New York Norton, 2012. 606-619. Print.

Implementing a Flexible Work Schedule

Flexible train inscriptions add employees pickaxs regarding their expireing inscriptions for standard exercise week (Mon sidereal day-Friday). These options include working from main office (on occasion) to working a compacted authorize out of hours at heart the work week, limiting the amount of days in which the employee has to come into the office. Flexible work rolls ar usually implemented with the intention of allowing employers the opportunity to cause a well-balanced lifestyle between radical and work. The primary or most popular work option chosen is flex- cadence (Russell H. OConnell, 2009).Flex-time allows employees to negotiate there hours within the limits of management. A nonher option is a crocked work week which means that you have worked your 40 hours in less than the standard 5 days. An option that is becoming popular for industries that atomic number 18 technology focused if shoot the breeze job-sharing. Job-sharing allows employees to divide the wo rk load between two employees, which gives each employee the flexibility of working virtually or from different parts of the country (Russell H. OConnell, 2009). And then there is telecommuting, means that employees give the axe complete their work time obligations from the leisure of their homes or a preferred location.The following Chart shows is a brief description of the pliant work optionsA work memorial that condenses one or to a greater extent standard workweeks into fewer, longer days.A work schedule with variable starting and ending times, within limits set by ones supervisor/manager. Employees excuse work the same number of scheduled hours as they would under a traditional arrangement.An arrangement in which two or much part-time (or occasional) employees sh ar the responsibilities of one full-time job at a pro-rated salary.A work schedule that is less than full-time but is at least half of the on a stiff basis scheduled full time workweek.A block of time off while obligateing ones job. These leaves may be paid or unpaid.A work arrangement in which employees regularly work at home or at an alternative work-site during part or all of a work schedule genius assumption that is nonplus by many employers is that allowing or implementing a tensile work schedule allows to retain your employees and maintain a more consistent work force (Pruchno, 2000). According to both(prenominal), implementing and executing a elastic work schedule can reduce employee turnover, and save companies money in the long run on expenses associated with replacing valuable employees. Pruchno states that the cost associated with employee turnover can add up to 130% of the departing employees salary (Pruchno, 2000). So for many, implementing negotiable work schedules can be seen as a cost saving strategy.Another win for implementing a ductile work schedule can be measured by having a more relaxed, engaged, committed and productive employee (Families, 2012). Suzan Lewis wrote in her on implementing a flexible work schedule that, both flex-time and compressed workweeks had positive set up on productivity/or self-rated performance, job rapture, and satisfaction with work schedules but that absenteeism was change by ex-time only. (Lewis, 2003). It later goes on to suggest that absenteeism had a relationship with the flexibility of the arrangement, where for example the different effects on absenteeism are because compressed work weeks are less flexible and therefore do not allow employees to, for example, put one across up time lost through illness or other reasons, as flex-time does, which results theoretically in a higher level of absenteeism (Lewis, 2003).The mean matchs and benefits for implementing a flexible work schedule is to balance work and lifestyle issues while increasing job productivity, commitment and employee satisfaction. One study cerebrate that employees operating under a flexible work scheduled usually demonstrate improved work and lifestyle balances immediately (Russell H. OConnell, 2009). In fact the study states that employees operating under flex-time work schedules displayed a more improved level of work and life balances than their counterparts utilizing traditional fixed-hour schedules. (Russell H. OConnell, 2009).Now, although the impacts of a flexible work schedules may wait to have primarily positive results, an incorrect execution of this program can cause problems. Overall productivity, depending on the manufacture, could potentially drop if the wrong program is implemented. Issues related to fairness, can also come into place if the program is not implemented and executed accurately. Most employers and employees agree that the proper implementation of a flexible work schedule can help to maintain a work-life balance and can increase job satisfaction and productivity.However, the potential problems to implementing such a program are usually seen when too many options are made available or when the wrong option is made available without proper research and planning. Companies should know and have a clear understanding of the impacts of each flexible work option. Along with this knowledge, companies should understand the impacts of specific flexible work options on their operations. Flex-time and telecommuting may not work as well in a manufacturing environment as oppose to an office setting. And Job-sharing may not work well for an engineering company, as it works for an IT help desk company. So, companies will need to make sure that they have engaged themselves in a comprehensive planning process to determine the right fit.So, the success of implementing and executing flexible work schedule ideally hinges on the actual option that is implemented. Which means that the success is determined by the type of industry that it is implanted in (office work, operation, manufacturing, etc.) the working environment or culture and the carefully instituted flexibility of the w ork option itself? Also, as was highlighted earlier, the degree of flexibility is relatively important as well as it relates to how effective the flexible option can be.An option that is too flexible can yield minimal results in the mean goal of cost savings and employee work and lifestyle improvements. However, an option that that may be take careed to be not flexible enough may risks not to be seen by employees as being beneficial and may not yield to intended cost savings. In saying this, to maximize effectiveness in this respect, a medium needs to be found where the arrangement is flexible yet not to an extent that hinders the intended goals and outcomes.The following outline raises some practical steps for planning, implementing and assessing a flexible work schedule (Families, 2012)What impact will flexible time or work location arrangements have on your service to clients?What are the benefits for employees and the organization?What are the potential problems? Can you deal with them?What time, effort and money it will take to make flexible arrangements successful?Is training infallible to be sure managers and co-workers have the knowledge and skillsAsk employees, possibly in a survey, what they wantConsult widely with other organizations, clients, board members, volunteers, staffReview options, consider strengths and weaknesses of these optionsDevelop written policies and procedures for implementation and monitoringCommunicate to board, clients, staff, volunteers, publicRun a pilot for a trial period and evaluate itHave staff report back on the pilot to provide their feedbackAmend and/or extend the program if necessaryAfter the pilot has run, make any modifications or changes to the programInform staff of new processes and proceduresContinue to evaluate the program on a regular basisSolicit feedback from participants, make changes and adapt plan as requiredThis outline provides some introductory steps for getting started, putting/implementing an effective plan of action, and evaluating the plan for improvements and ad undecomposedments. It also touches on some required elements that will help the company to yield the intended goals and to obtain buy-in from employees and staff. Implementing a flexible work schedule can be very costly and time consuming in the beginning however, putting together a realistic and comprehensive plan will go a long ways toward assure effectiveness.Specifically, the best way to ensure an effective implantation and execution of a flexible work schedule is to make sure that the applied flexible work option suits the specific industry. For example, flex-time can be a relatively ineffective arrangement unless it is chosen for the right job. Allowing a school teacher a day off once a week is probably not a good idea if his/her phratry schedules require that they be in attendance from Monday-Friday. Whereas a data-analyst who works for a software company, could potentially work 10 hours a day for fo ur days a week and can be just as or even more effective than if he/she work eight hours a day five days a week. So, for companies to truly maximize effectiveness in the implementation of a flexible work schedule, the right flexible work option needs to be applied.In conclusion the some of the benefits of implementing flexible work schedule are cost saving, low employee absenteeism, increased employee productivity and work performance. However, these benefits are only yielded if the company implements and executes the right flexible work option. In this report, detailed steps and recommendations have been provided for how companies can successfully implement a flexible work Schedule.To ensure that the intended goals are achieved it is important that companies make sure that they have identified and implemented the right flexible work option(s). They must also make sure that the implementation process is inclusive whereas employees and executive staff members are included, trained an d provided an opportunity to provide input in the implementation process. Finally, implementing a flexible work schedule, if done correctly, can do wonders for employee team spirit and commitment.

Cell Phones Use Cause Accidents

Cell retrieves, a heavy gadget when it comes to use because it can do things that as computers can but this gadget is similarly heavy when it comes to pocket and worth of consequences. Discussing about exploitation cadre crys is primal for the audiences to avoid the consequences of cell phone misuse and avoid the accident that cell phones might cause.com/cell-phone-problem-solution/Cell phones ar a useful gadget and thus it is considered as a primary need of those who are in the business industry and even ordinary people who tends to be away from their family, but these said gadgets also causes accident especially on the road. Body According to the NHTSA, the national highway accidents reported were caused by using cell phones while driving. In addition, the report says that itemizes of motorcar crashes were caused by cell phone dialing, listening, as well as talking which leads the drivers to be distracted on the road.Statistics also says that there are roughly 80 percent of car crashes which occur within the span of a short 3 seconds just because of driving distraction caused by cell phone use. People should know that distraction on car driving is worth a big consequence and we, as responsible beings, should know that cell phone use should not be allowed while driving because it will take our attention from the road (Benton). ConclusionCell phone use as well as receiving important calls or responding to important texts messages are considered as the number one distraction factor while driving a car which leads to car accidents. With this very important issue supported by evidences, cell phone use must therefore be restricted while driving a car. If a certain person receives a call while driving, he/she should stop the car on the roadside before he/she should receive the call to avoid the attempt of accident. Works Cited Benton, Joe. Cell Phone No. 1 Driver Distraction. 2006.

Ethics for the Real World

ETHICS FOR THE REAL WORLD Creating a face-to-face codification to guide decisions in choke and liveness RONALD A. HOWARD & CLINTON D. KORVER Hanle Ying Special Topics in Accounting March. 16, 2011 admittance Within the unwrapment of human culture, moral philosophy has been more and more emphasized in human beings. honorable motive is not lone rough(prenominal) requested in the act place, and also it should be requested in idiosyncratics. Ethics is an extremely military serviceful in human periodical life. For the work place, morals evict help heap to trust for each one other, allow sight to know clearly what they suffer do or not do, and assist their efforts with each other to make up a true market in the world.For the individuals, ethics tramp help to correct mints attitude about life and to help them hold a positive outlook. However, no matter whether in the work place or in an individuals life, ethics can create a personal code to help plenty to pull in the right decision. Reading ETHICS FOR THE REAL WORLD-creating a personal code to guide decisions in work and life not only can help us know what ethics is and how we can outline a personal code to help us devil the right decision, but it also lets us know how we can give ethics to exchange our life and work.Its really a total declargon on ethics and very practical for human beings. This loudness represents the different mobilizeing of ethics and provides a personal code for people who working individuals can example the code of ethics to sample their own honest problems so they can represent the right decisions during work. In the real world, there argon mevery behaviors that look honest, but atomic number 18 not. Conversely, nigh behaviors look un honourable, but are ethical. Since we cannot always appropriate what is really ethical, we sometimes know a dilemma in do a decision.However, the description in this keep, expressed by the authors help us to know what ethics is and he helps us to build an ethical role model and draft a personal code in our mind. We can use the ethical framework and the personal code to help us make the right decision. The authors also found that people can use terce steps to help them to clarify the ethical issue, mensurate the consequence of the behavior, and in the end, make the right decision. Moreover, ethics not only can help people make the right decision, but it also can help people to transform the work and life.Author Biography The names of the authors are Ronald A. Ho struggled and Clinton D. Korver. Ronald A. Howard is angiotensin converting enzyme of the founders of DEF, who is the academic director of the Strategic Decision and Risk Management certificate program at Stanford University. He supervises teaching and research in the Decision Analysis Program of the Department of Management Science and plan and he also is the director of the departments Decision and Ethics Center. Moreover, Mr. , H oward is a professor in the Stanford Graduate School of Business.His experience covers many fields in decision analysis project, from investment intend to research strategy, and from hurricane seeding to nuclear waste isolation (2011). Furthermore, Mr. Howard has been a consultant to several companies and was a founding director and chairman of Strategic Decision Group (2011). Clinton D. Korver not only is the co-author of Ethics for the Real World, but also he is a render and co-founder at Ulu Ventures, a Silicon Valley venture large(p) firm investing in early-stage information technology companies.He is also a Kauffman Fellow, co-founder and co-president of Stanford Angels & Entrepreneurs, and a venture partner at Crescendo Ventures (2008). Moreover, Mr. Korver is the founder and CEO of DecisionStreet, which provides Web- themed tools to help consumers make information life decisions about health, wealth, housing, and family personal matters (2008). Mr. Howard and Mr. Korver w rote Ethics for the Real World-creating a personal code to guide decisions in work and life in 2008.In order to create the habit of highly ethical behavior, Howard and Korver help us to know what ethics is and how we can discriminate ethical issues in our day-after-day lives. In addition, they help us to use ethics to make the best decision in every situation. Summary of Book Its a good book on ethics, and the authors use a practical approach to talk about what ethics is. The purpose of the authors in this book is not to stimulate people to get high ethics in their mind. Contrarily, they want people to know and study ethics through the tiny little things around us. mess do some things or make some decision unethically because they think he decision seems unimportant however, they all the same want others to respect and trust them. They even want to continue live in a pure environment. But their exercises and thoughts are reversed. As a result, this is one of the reasons why peo ple sink into the ethical dilemma. The book provided many theories to help people to understand and study ethics, such as some behavior seems ethical for one, but he still has to confirm if its ethical for another one could look tumble anothers ethical behavior when one sinks into the ethical dilemma and one could correct up an ethical code to help him to correct his ethical problems.But the one of reason why people do the unethical things are they often misunderstand the meaning of ethical, legal, and moral. Someone considered vile ethical as poor moral. Also the legal behavior is considered ethical, and illegal behavior is considered unethical. Actually, there is a total difference in the midst of ethical, legal, and moral. Something could be legal, but its unethical, such as lie, using oath to someone. Something could be illegal, but it force be ethical, such as killing terrorists. Therefore, the most important issue for people when knowing ethics is to be able to discrimina te the meaning of ethical, legal, and moral.This topic was expounded clearly in the beginning of the book. This book have four parts Introduction, seven chapters, an epilogue, and two appendices. Furthermore, the authors combined these four parts very logically, especially in the seven chapters. The authors provided the almost ethical at first, and give a roughly ethical frame in peoples mind, through know and study the ethics to create the personal code. And then use the personal code to do the ethical behavior or make the ethical decision. In the end, the authors demonstrate that the ethics can help people transform their work and life.This sequence is coincidence with peoples thinking and easier to be understood by people. The Introduction not only reflects the rough content of the loosening of the book, but it also includes a short summary of each chapter, the engineering approach, and the clarification of the difference between ethical, legal, and moral. Moreover, it also inc ludes the experience of both authors. This introduction is very helpful for people to know what the book is and how to use this book. In addition, the introduction also talks about the skill of making the right decision, it is a flunk we often have because we have little education in this area.The seven chapters can be split into four parts the first three chapters, the fourth chapter, the fifth chapter, and the last two chapters. The first three chapters represent what ethics is and the problem of setting up an ethical female genitalia line. Actually, ethics is not very strange for each person everyone has a rough framework about ethics, but most of us dont know the real meaning of ethics. Everyone wants to be an ethical person, and most people have an ethical bottom line to contrast their ethical behavior. This bottom line is very important for each person.But people always sink into the ethical trouble because the ethical bottom line. Certainly, someone utilize this bottom lin e and the loopholes in the law to build a colorize area, doing something between right and wrong. Everybody knows that to tell a lie is unethical behavior, but some use exsanguinous lies to prevent crime or war why not? I think most of us would rather to tell this lie. Therefore, there are no fixed rules for people to study ethics. People should learn and analyze the ethics of others ethical behavior and set an own ethical bottom line to do the right things or decisions.The fourth chapter is based on the first three chapters. After people know what ethics is and set up an ethical bottom line to distinguish what they can do or not do, they should create their own ethical code to complete their ethical framework. The main purpose of the fourth chapter is to show people how to draft someones own ethical code. The fifth chapter talks about how some people to do nothing when facing unethical issues. Although people can make the ethical code by themselves, it does not mean they will be ethical all the time. In this situation, people have to re-clarify the ethical issue and try to create alternatives.Moreover, in order to ensure the feasibility of their alternatives, people have to evaluate the alternatives and then re-make the ethical decision. The last two chapters stated how people use their personal ethical codes to transform their personal life and work life. Having a good ethical code is very important to our daily lives. It not only helps us to distinguish what we can do or not do, but also it can make us expression life and work peacefully. This has the most positive effect on our daily lives. The book is composed by the skill of ethical thinking and the ethical decision making.The main purpose in the Epilogue stated how people unquestionable the habit by this skill. However, the habit is developed through constant practice, and the practice is directed by thoughts. Therefore, having good ethical thinking skills not only can help people to make the ethic al decision, but also can help develop the right habit in their life. The Appendix A is the flow chart of ethical decision making process which not only helps us know better what ethics is, but also we can use this flow chart to compare our ethical frame to correct and complete our weakness in ethics.The Appendix B talks about the three peoples ethical code that has altogether different backgrounds. And the Appendix B let us know no matter what background people have, as long as they are willing to understand and study ethics, they can possess the ethical code. Personal Reflection and Conclusion I always ask myself what does ethics mean? What kind of action belongs to ethical or unethical? Is any behavior within laws ethical issue? However, we have to face ethical decisions in our daily lives, and we always sink into the ethical dilemma because of these decisions.For example, we will make some alibis to annul trouble, and we will use some white lies to make others feel more accep table. We always issue ethics in some trivial things, and ethics becomes strangers around us. This book has very helpful to me. I know that I am not a real ethical man. For example, I used make excuses to explain my absences or a bad grade to my parents, as well as use profanity to someone. Now all these behaviors seem wrong. In the past time, I always use different excuses to avoid responsibility when I got into some troubles, and put all the blame upon someone or something else.Now I think carefully avoiding responsibility is unethical behavior. Individual development and social development should not lack converse and responsibility. If everyone is not sincere and they choose to avoid responsibility when faced the trouble, the individual and social development cannot be achieved, not mention to creating a real life environment. Therefore, building a good personal code is very important to everyone. We are always bothered by the issue that seems ethical, but indeed its not.Diff erent people have different values, so they have different ethical lines. Some consider that the white lie is moral someone may consider that the rational avoidance tax also is moral. People always abandon their principle to do some things which they consider are ethical, but indeed they are not. Thus, people behind lose their moral bottom line because of these tiny little issues, and then, make them into the gray areas to do something that seems legal, but indeed its unethical. If everyone stays in the gray area, nobody will be honest with each other anymore.Therefore, in order to correct our values and life attitude, we should build a personal code which cannot be broken by any excuses. Before doing anything or making any decision, we should consider own personal code and use it to restrain our behaviors, which give us no excuse to do anything that violates ethics. The authors Ronald A. Howard and Clinton D. Korver together created Ethics for the Real World-creating a personal co de to guide decisions in work and life, they clearly define what ethics is and use bright black and white contrast to make us know better the meaning of ethics.Moreover, because of the sufficient experience, the essence of this book is easier to be accepted and studied and has a profound meaning in our daily work and life. The reason why I choose this book is I am always bothered by the ethics bottom line in the daily work and life. Sometimes ignore ethics because of the tiny little things. As a result, I slowly lose my ethics bottom line. Now think carefully this is a wrong behavior and life attitude. This book opened my eyes it teaches me that not only everyone should have their own ethical code and personal code, but also we should build our principle to do everything.No matter when we do anything or make decisions, we should base them on this personal code. Let our life be surrounded by ethics. Reference Clinton D. Korver, Bloomberg Businessweek, 2008, encounterd from http//www . businessweek. com/bios/Clinton_D. _Korver. htm Clinton D. Clint Korver89 2001, Grinnell College, 2008, Retrieve from http//www. grinnell. edu/offices/president/trustee/memberintro/korver Ronald A. Howard, Decision Education Foundation, 2011, Retrieve from http//www. decisioneducation. org/about-DEF/board-of-directors/ronald-howard

Analysis of “Where Does the Temple Begin. Where Does It End?” by Mary Oliver

Sultan Qaboos University- Language Centre FPEL EEAL0560 Poetry picture File Analysis of Where Does the tabernacle Begin. Where does it termination? by Mary Oliver pic Name Eman Amer Salim AL-amri . ID Number102400. Section 350 . Submitted to Nicholas Hilmers. Where Does the Temple Begin, Where Does It End? There argon things you placet reach. But you can reach out to them, and al star daytime long. The wind, the bird flying away. The humor of God. And it can keep you as busy as any(prenominal)thing else, and happier. The ophidian slides away the fish jumps, exchangeable a little lily, out of the water and back in the goldfinches blether from the unreachable top of the channelise.I take care morning to night I am never done with looking. flavour I mean not just rest just about, but standing around as though with your arms open. And thinking maybe any(prenominal)thing will come, whatever gleaming coil of wind, or a hardly a(prenominal)er leaves from any old tree t hey are each in this too. And now I will class you the truth. Everything in the world comes. At least, terminalr. And, cordially. Like the nibbling, tinsel-eyed fish the unlooping snake. Like goldfinches, little dolls of gold disruption around the corner of the flip over of God, the blue air. Glossary Lily type of plant that grows from a electric light and that has large fresh or coloured flowers.Finch is a half-size bird with strong beak. The poetry where does the temple bulge out, where does it end? Was Written by Mary Oliver and Published in 2004 by Beacon Press in the hold in Why I airstream early. Mary Oliver is one of the most famous American poets. She was born s on September 10, 1935 Maple Heights, Ohio. Her job is poet and she has taught at several universities. Furthermore she won the Pulitzer Prize in 1984 the L. L. break through ship/PEN New England Award in 1990 and the National Book Award in 1992, and her essays appeared in Best American Essays 1996, 1998 and 2001. ( www. ikipedia. org) Oliver loves spirit and it inspiration and describes the sense of wonder it instills in her. Her creativity is inspired by nature. Moreover Olivers poetrys are filled with lots of imagery and that is because of her daily walks near her home and close to nature. (www. wikipedia. org ) The meaning of the title is a question, about where can you start looking and thinking and wonders about a miraculous things in nature (animals, wind, plant etc. ) and where you stop doing that. She uses the word temple to ordain the idea that the nature is a sacred thing .The main theme of the poem is that the writer fates us (the readers) to look at nature with a sense of exploration. Everything will come to you in the end, whether it is well-nighthing you want to discover in nature or in other meaning you want to achieve it in your life. There are 15 lines in the poem. The speaker is a woman, probably the poet herself. The rhythm of the poem is fast and energetic. The poem doesnt have a rhyme scheme. There are four metaphors and one metaphor in the poem. This poem is all about the nature and a sense of wonder.In the first two lines, the speaker tells us that there are somethings you cant have. You cant reach them. Even if you try all day long, you will not reach all of them, for example, some birds in the top the tree or some beautiful fish in a pond. Maybe she excessively gist that there are some dreams you will not be able to achieve all of. Even if you try and work stern to achieve them for several years, you cant make them all overhaul. However, you still can have some faith that you may be able to reach some of them if you want it deeply.Line 3 describes the wonderful things that you can see in nature that are made by god. Line 4 tells us that all these amazing creatures were made by of god . Line 5 continues from line 3-4 the feeling that all this nature that god created can keep you busy and wondering about the big(p)ness of na tures creation. As busy as anything else is a simile, which means that nature can capture a lots of your time. in force(p) looking at it and the variety of the creatures that you can see in nature can captivate your person and brain for you sense of happiness and joyfulness.In line 6 the writer gives us an image in the show the snake slides away. Here the writer describes the wonderful movement of a snake that can make you unhealthy to know how it is created. Furthermore in the same line the speaker give us a simile when she describes the jumping of a fish like a little lily which is type of plant that grows from a bulb and that has large white or coloured flowers. ( Oxford dictionary 2006)The writer also gives us another great image of nature The gold finches sing from the unreachable top of the tree .Here unreachable top of the tree is connected to the first line of the poem where there are things you cant reach evening if you want to like the gold finches who sing from a far place. In line 7 the writer invites us to look at nature by expression I look and then saying morning to night where she means she looks at nature all day long without feeling tire or done with looking. In line 8 the writer tells us that in line 7 when she said looking she didnt mean just standing around in nature, but standing around as though with your arms open .Here I think the writer means that your genius should be open and think about what god created . In line 9 the poet extends this idea by saying that when you stand around with your mind open and working, maybe something will come to you, for example, a shining coil of wind. Maybe she means some air which will give you an energetic spirit. Moreover when Oliver says few leaves from any old tree, maybe she means that it may be you in your childhood or any old memory. In Line 10 the writer wants to get our attention by saying I will tell you the truth as if she will tell us secret or give us advice.In Lines 11-12 Oliver e xplains that, by saying everything in the world comes and I think she means here that anything you want will come to you ( you will achieve it ) and will happen for you . The wording at least, closer means at a closer time. In line 13 she completes lines 11-12by saying that the things that will happen, will happen cordially (in a friendly way). In line 14 Oliver uses simile in the phrase like the nibbling tinsel eyed fish the unlooping snake. Oliver focuses on the state of these animals just to let us imagine with her the small details.Line 15 also has simile in the phrase like gold finches which means that the birds (gold finches) will also come at least in the end, and here lines 13-14 are related to line 11. In the phrase little dolls of gold Oliver uses a metaphor, saying that the gold finches are like small dolls. Moreover fluttering around the corner of the sky of god means moving and flying in the area of the sky which belongs to the god , and the blue air refers to the sky were you will see the gold finches flying. In conclusion, where does the temple begin?Where does it end? is a poem that is about nature. Furthermore it has some hope and supports us because in my sound judgement experiencing at nature and having some new air can change your mood and your feeling. This poem is one of the best poems I have read because I like the nature and animals and it reminds me about my town Salalah. However, the poem lacks the rhyme scheme element which is in my opinion a weakness in the poem. Furthermore it has unanalyzable words and actually it has an energetic spirit. Moreover nature is always my favorite theme. BibliographyOxford dictionary Oxford University Press 2006 printed in china www. panhala. net/Archive/Index. htmlRetrieved on 19112012 (the poem) Retrieved on 21112012 www. wikipedia. org Retrieved on 24112012 Oliver is book Why I Wake early www. amazon. com Retrieved by Tina Silva on 1122012 collection of Oliver is poems http//rinabeana. com/poemof theday/index. php/category/mary-oliver Retrieved on 3122012 an article by Ratner Rochelle compose on Apr 15, 2006 www. connection. ebscohost. com Retrieved on 12122012 Image for Oliver www. google. com pic

Audit report

During the furrow count e observe the following weaknesses and go out the risks associated with them and developed following suggestions to develop controls to address these weaknesses. The enlarge of these atomic number 18 as follows 1 . Excessive Accessories stocks set as compared to system tarradiddle. Observations- During the audit we observe that virtuall(a)y of stock physically available is in dissipation as compared to the stock as per stock report. For details of these please, work through annex A. Later on discussion with store uncharged Mr..Adele it came to know that, this problem occurred due to stock shifting, adjusting stock report, bulk cadence counting of stock really with routine activities etc. Some Grins and store issues are also non mightily posted in time, that is why this issue raise. Recommendations- The posting issue should non have either excuse store group should manage their time to post all types of documents in system to modify the stock re port. It is also recommended that store team should adopt the policy of efficiency instead of effectiveness. 2.Less quantity of stocks set physically as compared to Accessories stock report. Observations- We observed that some stocks in actual are less as compare to reported quantity. For details of these, please come up annex B. Recommendations- It is recommended to post issuance in system carefully and posting of issuance should be checked on cursory basis. We recommended that the issuance take h nonagenarian should be systematized and in new software this document leave behind move as prepared by, authorise by and deliver by and finally system post this issue automatically. 3. Stock non lay down physically just mentioned in stock report.Observations- During the audit we observed some quantity of stock non physically in store as compared with stock report. For details of these please see annex C Later on discussion with store uncharged it came to know that due to the shi fting of store items o new place and some issuance are also not posted/mis primed(p), thats why these items video display in report. It is recommended that all issuance should be posted timely in software on daily basis, the items which are not physically exist should be located in report and adjust the report as per the actual conditions to maintain the proper stock report.To resolve this problem the store team should train the approval of management, and after approval they have to adjust the stock accordingly. 4. Items not in report but physically exist During the course of audit it was engraft that some of the items are physically exist in he store but there is no shew of these in the accessory report. For details of these please, see annex D. Recommendations- It is recommended that store issue returns essential be recognized when received at store.Proper record and physical stock must be kept by the store team. 5. Old Stock found in store During the course of audit it was found that lot of space was think ofed by sexagenarian stock this stock is not in use since more than 2 year as per education given by the store team these items include Inlay card Poly bag Buttons For details of these please, see annex E. It is recommended that time period should be defined after which certain item will be considered a part of dead stock.By doing this, dead stock will be separated from old stock. After this, dead stock should be change at reasonable price and old stock should be properly placed at certain area with label of old stock and should not be mixed with fresh stock. When this old stock will not be used for a certain defined time period, it should be classified as dead stock and be sold as well. 6. Placement and Item codes It is observed that some items such as LABEL and THREAD are placed in different separate in a few boxes. . Thread of one justness found in different boxes and in different places and some of poly bags have no item codes. For details of these please, see annex F. Recommendations- It is recommended that every item in store must be placed at single place so that these can be easily accessible. Secondly item codes must be mentioned on the items properly. 7. Practice of Safety Stock not adopted It was found during our audit that excogitation of safety stock was not being considered by the store management.The different routine items like stationary, kitchen items, some stitching general items like needles, commonly use thread and stitching aching spare parts etc. Dont have each safety stock formula, and this problem can stuck the flow of work. It is recommended that store team should be provided with all information about crucial items of different incisions which may cause disturbance in the flow of work. Store should have a safety stock of all such items so that these could be used in case of emergency shortage.By doing this smooth running of flow work can be ensured. They should also consult with management in this regards. 8. Tagging and dust issues It is observed that some of the items are not properly tagged and there is dust on the teems also. This type of issues create risk like decrease in the think of of stock it may also create delay problem for production if the things are not properly tagged and placed. Recommendations- It is suggested that all the items with proper identification should be at specific place and should cover properly.Proper posting in software will be helpful to maintain the record. 10. Goods directly issued to department without any knowledge of store During the course of our audit it is observed that, some required items are issued directly to the department from where the items are demanded and all the paper work (documents) starts after this, and the store team prepares grin after receiving he store issue requisition and ZIP from the department.Recommendations- It is recommended that if there is any item require urgently in any department and they purchas e this on emergency basis, then this item should come first in store and issued from store as well ,and then store uncharged will prepare the GRIN after receiving the documents. By doing this there will be no ambiguity in record and all the items will come into the knowledge of store uncharged. 11. No record for items under RSI. 500. Observation- It is observed that the items purchased which having value less than 500 rupees have no record in the store.

Parental Apathy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Parental Apathy - Case start out in ExampleThe principle strongly discourages Mrs. Rose from pursuing increased parent involvement in the school, citing that he is contented with the current state of affairs at the school. After lengthy persuasion, with ambivalent, the principle agreed to ache a meeting with the parents under two conditions that there would be no PTA but allow the parents to found an advisory committee. Even with one weeks watching to the meeting, sent home with the students, only cardinal parents attended. Due to poor turnout, the principle contemplated on cancelling the meeting. Schools present our children with an opportunity to acquire knowledge and learn current things. Not only are the lessons taught in a school geared towards professional excellence, they also luff at making children good and responsible plenty in the society. While teachers hold the role and accountability of instilling knowledge in the children, they also ensure that students becom e morally upright people. However, teachers at time fail to observe this essential role of their job. in that respectfore, there is every need to keep such teachers in check. Although principles exhaust the mandate to do this, sometimes they too could disregard their duties, leaving incompetent teachers work in their institutions. This reality necessitates the inclusion of the parents in their childrens learn activities through involvement parental programs (Gorton, Alston, and Petra 331-332). Parents should thus be part of their childrens learning assist. The partnership should also take part in ensuring that children receive the outgo education, be it academic or otherwise. Having a sound home-school partnership is the best way of achieving this objective. There is every need therefore for the schools to bring on board parents and the community in the learning process of their children. The schools management should ensure that there make ups a good relationship between th e parents and the school. Gradually, parents have become lesser involved in schools and their childrens learning process, a factor that has reduced ropiness between these two parties. In the past, parents took part in their childrens learning process. They found time to take part in different meetings happening in the learning institutions. Parents can understand this role if communicated by a district loss leader, rather than a school assistant principle. This is because of the culture of ignorance established by the parenting community. Moreover, people trend to honour authority more than management. This explains the reason why, even with a weeks notice top the meeting given to the parents, only eight of them attended. This describes high ignorance levels among the parents in our society. A district leader should thus intervene in such situations to ensure that parents actively take part in their childrens learning process (Gorton, Alston, and Petra 331-332). A district leader acts as a link between families and the community members and at times between the community and the school. For a long time, the relationship between the community and learning institutions has considerably worsened. Because of this, parents forgot their role of ensuring that their children received the best form of education and training. A child cannot learn in school alone the community is also part of the areas where a child can acquire education. Since families exist in a community where there is a high

New Religious Movements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

New Religious Movements - Essay Example non only do these NRMs catch the attention of scholars, but they also caught also the interest of the general population. The to the highest degree crucial moment for public awareness in cults or refreshing apparitional movements occurred in November, 1978, when about 900 members of the The Peoples Temple in Jonestown, Guyana died by murder and suicide. Moreover, some movements afford been accused of ongoing human rights abuses, tyke abuse, brainwashing, prostitution, financialfraud and swindling.3 Only a small number of the older cults such as the the Jehovahs Witnesses and the church building of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints progress to garnered huge membership all throughout the world. Of those groups create in the twentieth century, only a few, such as the American Muslim Mission (found in 1930), can count their membership in the tens of thousands.4National polls report that 19 in 20 Americans affirm a belief in God, and 4 in 10 said to join sunlight services regularly. Nevertheless, these surveys do not show how and what the people really believe in. Therefore, a number of new ghostly movements develop to fill these gaps. ... Moreover, the rise of new religious movements and cults also reflects the tensions that exist in the union at large, usually evolve from pressures that increased public acceptance of ideas outside the established religious institutions. As an example, the cultural r exploitations of the 1960s lessen the social taboos against religious testing. Furthermore, technological advancements, particularly the Internet and the access world travel, change a lot of people to access wider beliefs and religious systems and making it easier for small religious groups to form.5 Additionally, new religious movements continue to grow due to existence of mans spiritual needs, mans cultural identity search, filling a demoralize in mans heart, mans seeking for answers to vital questions, cults cashi ng in on pastoral weakness of established religious institutions, a plot from the devil, existences of a charismatic leader/founder/guru, prevailing weaknesses of the members, and the doctrines uniqueness of the movement. Existence of spiritual needs.The evolution of cults or new religious movements often indicate that there are spiritual needs which have not been fulfilled or even identified, or which the Church and other established religious institutions have either not aware of or not able to provide.6 Cultural identity search.The new religious movements are able to attract huge number members because there are always people peeping for meaning when they are feeling gone astray in a period of cultural revolution.7 selection a void.Many Christians join the cults or new religious movements because their hunger

International Cost of capital Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

International Cost of capital - Assignment guinea pigQuestion1. Provide an illustrative example of WACC calculation using a FTSE100 company. Answer The comp sensationnts of weighted average of appeal of capital come from the justice side of the statement of financial position, which is commonly understood and known as balance sheet-common shares, preferred shares and debt, abundant term liability are the servings of capital. Any change in the puzzle out of increase in assets of the balance sheet would require increasing at least any one of components of the capital account. In order to increase the liability side of the balance sheet, the price of these components is called as component based cost of capital. Numerous causes require to occur or to increase the cost of capital. First, the need of long term investment funds and long term financing requires a company to determine and decide an appropriate way of arranging finance. Either willingly or unwillingly, the company ha s to evaluate all possible and getable means that after part be used for the purpose of satisfying their long term business investment needs. Some companies use and issue preferred shares for the purpose of raising finance. ... On the whole, these both means constitute some sort of similarities and some sort of dissimilarities. Preferred shares are mostly placed with the ordinary shares, on the other hand, the debentures and other forms of long term liabilities are incorporated in the long term liability section of the statement of financial position. Following is the standard computational method of weighted average of cost of capital WACC = Ke (market value of equity/A) + kd (1-t) (market value of debt/A). Where WACC= weighted average of cost of capital Ke= cost of equity A=market value of equity + market value of debt Kd= cost of debt Cost of equity (Ke) is the needful return on the ordinary shares. Most of the time, it is this feature that is pretty difficult to estimate. Co st of equity can be determined by two ways dividend growth place and capital asset set beat (CAPM). The dividend growth model uses the following formula P0 = D1/ (Re-g) Here, P0 is the current birth price or stock price in the period of 0. D1 is the amount of dividend in the next period or next year. Re is the cost of equity. G is the dividend growth rate. For ke the equation would become Re= D1/ P0+ g The capital asset price model (CAPM) helps with the following equation to determine the cost of equity Re= Rf+ b(Rm - Rf) Here, Rf= the stake free rate. B= beta value Rm= market return Capital asset pricing model was determined and defined and published its derivation by William Sharpe in the year of 1986 (Megginson, 1996). There are numerous assumptions on which capital asset pricing model is based on. For instance, capital asset pricing model assumes that investors hold diversified range of portfolios (Head, 2008). Example Computation of weighted average of